Understanding Fire Extinguishers in Malaysia: Technical Requirements, Types, and Compliance Guide.

In Malaysia, fire extinguishers are a mandatory component of building fire safety systems and serve as the first line of defence against early-stage fires. Their application is critical in industrial facilities, commercial buildings, and residential premises where rapid fire suppression can prevent escalation, property loss, and injury.

Fire extinguishers in Malaysia must be selected, installed, maintained, and certified strictly in accordance with national legislation, Uniform Building By-Laws (UBBL), and requirements enforced by the Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia (Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia, JBPM).

1. Definition and Role of Fire Extinguishers in Malaysia

A fire extinguisher is a portable fire-fighting appliance designed to control or extinguish small fires at the incipient stage. In Malaysia, fire extinguishers are categorised as active fire protection equipment and are legally required in most building types under the UBBL 1984.

Fire extinguishers are not intended to replace fixed fire protection systems such as sprinklers or fire pumps. Instead, they complement these systems by allowing immediate manual response before emergency services arrive. Their effectiveness depends on proper selection, correct installation, and regular maintenance as required by Malaysian regulations.

2. Types of Fire Extinguishers Approved for Use in Malaysia

Fire extinguishers used in Malaysia must comply with applicable Malaysian Standards (MS) and be approved for use by JBPM. Selection is based on fire risk classification, occupancy type, and environmental conditions.

Common fire extinguisher types used in Malaysia include:

1. Water Fire Extinguishers (Class A) - Suitable for ordinary combustible materials such as paper, wood, and fabric. Commonly installed in offices, schools, and residential buildings.

2. Foam Fire Extinguishers (Class A & B) - Used for flammable liquid fires and solid combustibles, widely applied in factories, workshops, and commercial premises.

3. Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers (Class A, B, C & Electrical) - Common in Malaysian industrial environments due to their versatility and suitability for electrical and fuel-related fires.

4. Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Fire Extinguishers (Electrical & Class B) - Installed in electrical rooms, control panels, and server areas as they leave no residue and minimize equipment damage.

   
   

Using an incorrect extinguisher type may worsen a fire situation and is considered a safety non-compliance under Malaysian fire safety regulations.

3. Fire Extinguisher Installation Requirements under Malaysian Regulations

Fire extinguisher installation in Malaysia must comply with the Uniform Building By-Laws (UBBL) 1984 and JBPM guidelines. Installation requirements are determined during fire risk assessment and plan approval stages.

Key Malaysian installation requirements include:

• Maximum allowable travel distance to the nearest extinguisher

• Correct mounting height from finished floor level

• Clearly visible locations with appropriate signage

• Unobstructed access at all times

• Strategic placement near fire-risk areas such as electrical panels and machinery

  
  

Improper placement or insufficient coverage may result in non-compliance during JBPM inspection and Fire Certificate assessment.

4. Inspection, Maintenance, and Servicing Practices in Malaysia

Fire extinguishers in Malaysia must be inspected and maintained regularly to ensure operational readiness. Building owners and occupiers are legally responsible for ensuring that extinguishers remain functional at all times.

Standard maintenance practices in Malaysia include:

• Routine visual inspections

• Annual servicing by JBPM-registered and competent personnel

• Pressure checks, agent condition verification, and hose inspection

• Replacement of damaged or expired components

• Proper servicing tags and maintenance records

  
  

Maintenance records are mandatory documents during JBPM audits and Fire Certificate renewal inspections.

5. Legal Framework and Compliance Obligations in Malaysia

Fire extinguisher installation and servicing are governed by the Fire Services Act 1988 (Act 341). Under this Act, only registered and competent contractors are authorised to install, inspect, service, or recharge fire extinguishers.

Non-compliance, such as expired extinguishers, missing service tags, or improper installation, may result in enforcement action, penalties, or failure to obtain or renew a Fire Certificate. Compliance is therefore both a legal obligation and a critical safety responsibility.

A safety training session in progress, as two individuals practice using fire extinguishers in an outdoor setting.

6. Conclusion

Fire extinguishers are a fundamental requirement in Malaysia’s fire safety framework and play a vital role in early fire suppression. Proper selection, compliant installation, and regular maintenance ensure that fire extinguishers perform effectively during emergencies and meet statutory requirements.

A well-maintained fire extinguisher system enhances life safety, supports JBPM compliance, and strengthens overall fire protection readiness for buildings across Malaysia.

We will provide the best services of fire extinguishers for you. Contact us at 019 – 2000 440 or email ficoreengineering@gmail.com now. We will always be dedicated to help you.